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Randomized controlled trials in the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy




The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy welcomes submissions of well-reported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with solid methodology based on the CONSORT statement (http://www.consort-statement.org). The Journal would be especially happy to publish RCTs in the area of antimicrobial chemotherapy if they address significant problems and look at measurable outcomes that matter to patients.




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Improving inter-observer variability in the evaluation of ultrasonographic features of polycystic ovaries
Background: We recently reported poor inter-observer agreement in identifying and quantifying individual ultrasonographic features of polycystic ovaries. Our objective was to determine the effect of a training workshop on reducing inter-observer variation in the ultrasonographic evaluation of polycystic ovaries. Methods: Transvaginal ultrasound recordings from thirty women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were evaluated by three radiologists and three reproductive endocrinologists both before and after an ultrasound workshop. The following endpoints were assessed: 1) follicle number per ovary (FNPO), 2) follicle number per single cross-section (FNPS), 3) largest follicle diameter, 4) ovarian volume, 5) follicle distribution pattern and 6) presence of a corpus luteum (CL). Lin's concordance correlation coefficients (rho) and kappa statistics for multiple raters (kappa) were used to assess level of inter-observer agreement (>0.80 good, 0.60 - 0.80 moderate/fair, <0.60 poor). Results: Following the workshop, inter-observer agreement improved for the evaluation of FNPS (rho=0.70, delta rho=+0.11), largest follicle diameter (rho=0.77, delta rho=+0.10), ovarian volume (rho=0.84, delta rho=+0.12), follicle distribution pattern (kappa=0.80, delta kappa=+0.21) and presence of a CL (kappa=0.87, delta kappa=+0.05). No improvement was evident for FNPO (rho=0.54, delta rho=-0.01). Both radiologists and reproductive endocrinologists demonstrated improvement in scores (p<0.001). Conclusions: Reliability in evaluating ultrasonographic features of polycystic ovaries can be significantly improved following participation in a training workshop. If ultrasonographic evidence of polycystic ovaries is to be used as an objective measure in the diagnosis of PCOS, then standardized training modules should be implemented to unify the approach to evaluating polycystic ovarian morphology.
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Human Skin Cells Reprogrammed Into Embryonic Stem Cells
Stem cell scientists have reprogrammed human skin cells into cells with the same unlimited properties as embryonic stem cells without using embryos or eggs. The implications for disease treatment could be significant. Reprogramming adult stem cells into embryonic stem cells could generate a potentially limitless source of immune-compatible cells for tissue engineering and transplantation medicine. A patient's skin cells, for example, could be reprogrammed into embryonic stem cells. Those embryonic stem cells could then be prodded into becoming various cells types -- beta islet cells to treat diabetes, hematopoetic cells to create a new blood supply for a leukemia patient, motor neuron cells to treat Parkinson's disease.
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Slippery customer: A greener antiwear additive for engine oils
Titanium, a protean element with applications from pigments to aerospace alloys, could get a new role as an environmentally friendly additive for automotive oil, thanks to work by materials scientists from Afton Chemical Corporation (Richmond, Va.) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (2008-07-24)
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ASGE issues guidelines on the role of endoscopy in the bariatric surgery patient
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Agriculture and Horticulture
TropHort provides historic and current articles in biology and in the applied life sciences agriculture and horticulture. While focussing on the horticulture of fruits and vegetables, it deals with related environmental topics including biodiversity and global warming.
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Stereo Microscopes On Sale
Microscopes.com,Stereo Microscopes, ... Stereomicroscopes are used extensively throughout the many fields of microscopy.
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - recent issues
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